Pre-registration
Market opening predicts faster diffusion of consumer durable and communications technologies.
Falsification criterion — what would disprove this
This hypothesis is considered falsified if:
SUPPORTED if the treatment coefficient has the predicted sign at p<0.10. REFUTED if the opposite sign is significant at p<0.10. Otherwise PARTIAL.
formal test & threshold
test: panel_fe_market_opening_durable_goods_diffusion threshold: p<0.10 with pre-registered sign
Method
- Template
panel_fe- Fixed effects
country, year- Clustering
country- Sample
- 40 countries · 1990 – 2023
- Evidence type
- associational
Local-data first-pass TWFE screen; upgrade to exact outcome/treatment datasets before scoreboard promotion.
Data
| Variable | Source | Transform |
|---|---|---|
qol_or_prosperity_outcome outcome | world_bank_wdi:IT.NET.USER.ZStier 2 | level_or_growth_proxy |
market_or_intervention_proxy treatment | world_bank_wdi:NE.TRD.GNFS.ZStier 2 | level |
log_gdp_pc control | world_bank_wdi:NY.GDP.PCAP.KDtier 2 | log |
rule_of_law control | wgi:RL.ESTtier 4 | level |
● ready · ● pending · ● reconstruct-needed
Detailed result card
Result card — market_opening_durable_goods_diffusion
Verdict: PARTIAL — coef=-0.01838, p=0.799 (above α=0.1); direction inconclusive
Pre-registration
- Claim: Market opening predicts faster diffusion of consumer durable and communications technologies.
- Falsification rule: SUPPORTED if the treatment coefficient has the predicted sign at p<0.10. REFUTED if the opposite sign is significant at p<0.10. Otherwise PARTIAL.
- Falsification test: panel_fe_market_opening_durable_goods_diffusion
Estimate
- Method: linearmodels.PanelOLS
- Coefficient (treatment): -0.01838
- Std error: 0.07219
- p-value: 0.799
- Observations: 767, countries: 31
- Within R²: 0.0895
- Fixed effects: entity=True, time=True
- Clustering: country
Variables resolved
world_bank_wdi:IT.NET.USER.ZS→ qol_or_prosperity_outcome (outcome, publisher=world_bank_wdi, n=6833)world_bank_wdi:NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS→ market_or_intervention_proxy (treatment, publisher=world_bank_wdi, n=10714)world_bank_wdi:NY.GDP.PCAP.KD→ log_gdp_pc (controls, publisher=world_bank_wdi, n=12104)wgi:RL.EST→ rule_of_law (controls, publisher=wgi, n=5296)
Generated by scripts/run_panel_fe.py at 2026-06-29T17:54:30+00:00
Strongest opposing argument
Every hypothesis ships with its charitable opposing argument. The framework earns credibility by handling objections at their strongest, not weakest.