IESET.
Movements·libya_fragmented_institutions_central_bank_rent_management_2014_present

Libya fragmented institutions and central-bank oil-rent management

LBY·2014 – present·UN-recognised Tripoli governments, House of Representatives and eastern authorities, Central Bank factions, National Oil Corporation bargaining, and armed-coalition veto players
Leaders: Fayez al-Sarraj (Presidency Council/GNA head 2016-2021) · Abdul Hamid Dbeibah (GNU Prime Minister 2021-present) · Aguila Saleh (House of Representatives Speaker) · Khalifa Haftar (Libyan Arab Armed Forces commander) · Sadiq al-Kabir (Central Bank of Libya Governor until 2024)

Doctrine — stated goals and content

Libya's post-2014 policy regime is not a unified national governing programme. It is a fragmented institutional settlement in which rival executives and armed coalitions contest legitimacy while the Central Bank of Libya, National Oil Corporation, UN mediation, and oil-revenue distribution remain the main policy channels that can operate across front lines. The regime's practical logic has been to preserve minimum macroeconomic and payment functions, unify exchange and central-bank arrangements where possible, and keep oil-rent flows from collapsing despite unresolved sovereignty disputes.

Policy-content fingerprint — how the framework codes this movement on its axes

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rule of law
institutional.rule_of_law
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
mixed
UN-brokered institutional frameworks and CBL reunification steps improved formal coordination, but rival governments and armed veto players kept enforcement fragmented.
↑
central bank independence
monetary.central_bank_independence
De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.
increased · weak
greater independence (legal, operational, personnel)
Exchange-rate unification and central-bank reunification partially restored technocratic monetary functions after institutional split.
↑
financial deregulation
regulatory.financial_deregulation
Financial-sector regulation — banking separation, capital requirements, cross-border activity rules, derivatives oversight.
increased · weak
tighter financial regulation
Reunification and balance-sheet coordination strengthened financial supervision relative to rival CBL branches.
↑
product market competition
regulatory.product_market_competition
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
increased · weak
more competition-friendly (lower entry barriers)
Reducing multiple exchange rates narrowed arbitrage channels that distorted imports and public allocation.

Policies enacted

References

Notes

The movement is deliberately framed as fragmented governance and central-bank/oil-rent management, not as a coherent national policy coalition.