IESET.
Movements·ghana_mahama_ndc_second_2025_present

Mahama NDC second government 2025-present

GHA·2025 – present·National Democratic Congress (NDC) — social-democratic; supermajority Parliament
Leaders: John Dramani Mahama (President, NDC, Jan 2025-) · Naana Jane Opoku-Agyemang (Vice President) · Cassiel Ato Forson (Finance Minister) · Johnson Asiama (Bank of Ghana Governor)
positionssocial_democraticdevelopmentalismordoliberal

Doctrine — stated goals and content

Mahama returned to office after 2024 landslide against the NPP, inheriting an IMF Extended Credit Facility programme (signed May 2023 after the 2022 sovereign default and domestic-debt exchange). Programme: continuation of IMF reform path — fiscal consolidation, expenditure rationalisation, scrapped COVID-levy and "e-levy" digital-transaction tax, "24-hour economy" industrial-policy initiative, gold-for-oil and gold-purchase programmes from BoG to support reserves, flagship "big-push" infrastructure spending tempered by IMF primary-surplus targets. Cocoa-sector reform after multi-year smuggling and production crisis. Continued post-default external-debt restructuring under G20 Common Framework.

Policy-content fingerprint — how the framework codes this movement on its axes

↓
spending level
fiscal.spending_level
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
decreased · moderate
lower spending share
IMF-anchored consolidation; primary-surplus targets binding.
↑
tax progressivity
fiscal.tax_progressivity
Progressivity of the personal income tax schedule, including top marginal rates, bracket spread, and targeted credits (EITC-equivalents).
increased · weak
more progressive (higher top rates, wider spread, larger targeted credits)
E-levy (regressive transactional) and COVID-levy scrapped; base-broadening shifts mix toward progressive sources.
↑
central bank independence
monetary.central_bank_independence
De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.
increased · weak
greater independence (legal, operational, personnel)
Post-default BoG financing rules restored under IMF programme.
↑
sectoral subsidy
fiscal.sectoral_subsidy
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
increased · moderate
expanded sectoral subsidies
24-hour economy industrial-policy push; cocoa-sector intervention.

Policies enacted

Schools of thought aligned or opposed

aligned
social_democratic
NDC traditional social-democratic-pragmatic framework; e-levy/COVID-levy repeal shifts tax-mix toward progressive sources; expanded development spending.
partial
developmentalism
24-hour economy industrial policy + cocoa-sector intervention + flagship infrastructure push.
partial
ordoliberal
IMF ECF programme continuation; primary-surplus targets; central-bank-financing rules restored.

References

Notes

Stub authored to close 2026 atlas-coverage gap for GHA. Multiple intermediate movements (Rawlings post-1991, Kufuor, Mills, Mahama-I, Akufo-Addo) remain unauthored.