Haughey return: Tallaght Strategy, PNR, IFSC, Celtic Tiger foundations

Doctrine — stated goals and content

Decisive break with 1977-1987 debt crisis: Haughey converted from 1977-manifesto populism to crisis austerity, delivering the fiscal consolidation that under Dukes's 'Tallaght Strategy' (2 September 1987) received cross-party support — the foundational Celtic Tiger political economy. Economic school: classical-liberal / social-partnership hybrid — supply-side tax reform combined with tripartite-negotiated social partnership. Left-right axis: centre-right with tripartite- corporatist institutional form. Key content: (i) MacSharry-Haughey expenditure cuts 1987-1989 — primary expenditure cut ~5% GDP in two years; Exchequer Borrowing Requirement down from 12.8% (1986) to 2.1% (1989); (ii) Programme for National Recovery (PNR) 9 October 1987 — first tripartite social-partnership agreement covering wage restraint 1988-1990; (iii) Corporate tax low-rate preservation (10% IFSC rate; manufacturing at 10%); (iv) IFSC Foundation 1987 — Dublin International Financial Services Centre established with 10% corporation tax rate; (v) 1988 Tax Amnesty raised ~IR£500m; (vi) Capital Gains Tax reform 1988; (vii) Social Welfare Act 1989 consolidation; (viii) ERM membership sustained; (ix) 1990 PESP (Programme for Economic and Social Progress); (x) Goodman crisis and Beef Tribunal investigations May 1991 onwards; (xi) Mary Robinson elected President November 1990 — first woman President (Robinson an opposition-backed candidate, symbolic rather than economic); (xii) BSE preliminary concerns; (xiii) Currency crisis September 1992 would fall under successor Reynolds. Popularity: 1987 election FF 44.1% / 81 seats (minority); 1989 snap election FF 44.1% / 77 seats, coalition with PD; Haughey faced FF internal challenges November 1991 and resigned 11 February 1992 over phone-tapping scandal revelations; succeeded by Reynolds. Coherence: high — Tallaght Strategy + MacSharry cuts + PNR + IFSC + low-corporate-tax commitment together constitute the Celtic Tiger foundational policy mix.