Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 made elementary education a justiciable fundamental right for children aged 6–14, mandating free schooling, neighbourhood-school norms, prescribed pupil-teacher ratios, and a 25% private-school reservation for disadvantaged children. Enacted under the Singh UPA-II government to operationalise the 86th Constitutional Amendment (Article 21A), it expanded centrally-funded education spending and imposed regulatory mandates on private schools.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.