Shipley National — first female NZ PM, brief transitional government under MMP

Doctrine — stated goals and content

Economic school: continuation of Bolger-era post-1980s reform consolidation under MMP (mixed-member proportional) constraints — cautious extension of market-liberal programme with Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) competition experiment, further state-enterprise reform, and Asia-crisis cushioning. Left-right axis: centre-right — pro-market by New Zealand 1990s standards but constrained by MMP coalition politics. Dated policies: Accident Insurance Act 1998 (opened ACC work accounts to competition from 1 July 1999 — reversed by Labour 2000); welfare reform continuation under Code of Social and Family Responsibility February 1998; NZ First coalition breakdown 14 August 1998 over Wellington Airport sale; Asian crisis response — loose-fiscal cushioning but Brash-led RBNZ maintained tight monetary stance (official cash rate introduced 17 March 1999 replacing Monetary Conditions Index). Popularity: internal-party leadership challenge replaced Bolger; lost November 1999 election to Clark Labour (39% to 31% party vote). Coherence: moderate — final months of the post-1984 market-liberal era in New Zealand.