Independence of the judiciary from executive and legislative encroachment. Specifically captures court-packing, selective prosecution, judicial reshuffles.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
D.L. 13 July 1994 n. 440 (Justice Minister Alfredo Biondi, FI) sought to restrict pre-trial detention (custodia cautelare) for corruption, fraud and tax offences. Interpreted by Mani Pulite magistrates as blocking Tangentopoli prosecutions. Intense public/magistracy opposition; Lega Nord withdrew support; decree not converted and effectively withdrawn. Early signal of Berlusconismo-judiciary conflict.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.