General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Restructured the central-local fiscal relationship by splitting taxes into central, local, and shared categories and establishing the State Administration of Taxation and Local Tax Bureaux as parallel collection arms. Central share of budgetary revenue rose from ~22% (1993) to ~55% (1995) and stabilised near half the total thereafter. Recentralised fiscal capacity that had eroded under fiscal-contracting-system reform of the 1980s, funding subsequent SOE restructuring, inland transfers and later counter-cyclical fiscal response. Local governments increasingly relied on land-lease revenue as extra-budgetary compensation — the fiscal-architecture origin of the post-2000s property-finance nexus.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.