Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.
Phase II of the ERP dismantled Ghana's import-licensing regime, replacing it with FX auction-allocated imports, eliminated most non-tariff barriers, and consolidated tariff schedules into a four-band structure. Combined with the unified market exchange rate and amended Customs Excise and Preventive Service procedures, the reforms re-engaged Ghana with World Bank and IMF trade conditionality and integrated the country into ECOWAS trade norms.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.