Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Architect: Finance Minister Leszek Balcerowicz under the Mazowiecki government (post-Solidarity). First post-communist shock-therapy programme. Simultaneous measures: (1) comprehensive price liberalisation (Jan 1990) — 90% of consumer prices freed in one step; (2) zloty devaluation + internal convertibility; (3) end of subsidies + soft-budget constraints for SOEs; (4) fiscal stabilisation via wage controls + tax reform; (5) commercial-code restoration permitting private enterprise; (6) trade liberalisation. Produced steep 1990 recession (-11.6% GDP) followed by earliest regional recovery. Growth accelerated from 1992, placing Poland among the top-performing EU transition economies by 2004 accession. Canonical comparator case for the hyperinflation + fiscal-dominance hypothesis (Poland had Cagan-threshold hyperinflation Jan 1990 that was rapidly resolved).
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.