Independence of the judiciary from executive and legislative encroachment. Specifically captures court-packing, selective prosecution, judicial reshuffles.
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Law 24/2003 on Constitutional Court enacted 13 August 2003 pursuant to Third Amendment. Established Mahkamah Konstitusi with nine justices (3 each appointed by President, DPR, Supreme Court) serving 5-year renewable terms. Jurisdiction: judicial review of statutes against Constitution, dispute resolution between state institutions, dissolution of political parties, election disputes, impeachment opinions. First nine justices inaugurated 16 August 2003. MK subsequently played central role in election disputes (including 2004, 2009, 2014, 2019 presidential election challenges) and landmark judicial- review decisions (Electricity Law 2004, judicial-review expansion).
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.