Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Independence of the judiciary from executive and legislative encroachment. Specifically captures court-packing, selective prosecution, judicial reshuffles.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
The Constitution of India, adopted on 26 November 1949 and brought into force on 26 January 1950, created a sovereign democratic republic with a parliamentary system, federal division of powers, justiciable fundamental rights, Directive Principles, and an integrated independent judiciary headed by the Supreme Court. It also originally protected property through Articles 19(1)(f) and 31, later diluted by amendment in the 1970s. The Constitution supplied the durable legal and institutional framework of the Indian state after independence.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.