Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Environmental regulation stringency — emissions caps, standards, phase-out mandates, carbon pricing, renewable portfolio standards.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Continuation under the Tusk Koalicja government of Poland's defence-spending escalation toward and above 4 percent of GDP in 2024, building on the 2022 Homeland Defence Act and major equipment acquisitions including K2 tanks, K9 howitzers, F-35s, and HIMARS. Funded partly through the Armed Forces Support Fund, Poland became NATO's largest defence-spender by GDP share, with material effects on industrial demand and budget composition.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.