Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
The Debswana joint venture, founded in 1969 between the Government of Botswana and De Beers, is a 50/50 partnership operating the country's diamond mines (Orapa, Letlhakane, Jwaneng, Damtshaa). Under successive sales agreements and the 2011 marketing agreement, Botswana captures the bulk of profits via tax, royalty, and dividend channels and progressively moved aggregating, sorting, and sales activity onshore. The intended effect was credible commitment to property rights with the state as co-owner, while channelling diamond rents through transparent fiscal mechanisms.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.