Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Statutory and effective corporate tax rates, treatment of depreciation, and international competitiveness.
Colombia–United States Trade Promotion Agreement (CTPA) signed in November 2006 under the Uribe government, ratified by the U.S. Congress in October 2011, and entering into force May 2012. Phased out tariffs on industrial and most agricultural trade, secured U.S. market access for Colombian exports, and locked in investment- protection and intellectual-property commitments aligned with U.S. trade-policy templates.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.