Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Portugal's second IMF Stand-By Arrangement of October 1983 (around SDR 445 million), agreed by the Bloco Central coalition under Mario Soares, addressed a renewed balance-of-payments crisis after the early-1980s oil shock. Conditionality required escudo crawling-peg devaluation, fiscal retrenchment, real-wage moderation, removal of consumer subsidies, and reform of price controls. The intended effect was to compress domestic absorption, restore external balance ahead of EEC accession, and complete the transition from the revolutionary economic settlement to a market-oriented framework consistent with European integration.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.