Progressivity of the personal income tax schedule, including top marginal rates, bracket spread, and targeted credits (EITC-equivalents).
Rule of law as institutional substrate — contract enforcement, judicial independence, equal treatment before the law. Upstream of most other axes.
Tax-reform bill proposed by Finance Minister Alberto Carrasquilla on 15 Apr 2021 that would have lowered the PIT filing threshold (widening the income- tax base into the middle class), extended VAT to previously-exempt goods including public utilities, gasoline, and funerary services, and raised revenue by ~2% of GDP to finance pandemic social programmes and preserve investment grade. Triggered the paro nacional starting 28 Apr 2021. Bill withdrawn 2 May 2021; Carrasquilla resigned 3 May 2021. Protests continued through June with ESMAD confrontations and over 40 civilian deaths per Defensoría del Pueblo data. S&P downgraded Colombia to BB+ on 19 May 2021. Replaced by the narrower Ley 2155 de 2021 (Inversión Social).
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.