Environmental regulation stringency — emissions caps, standards, phase-out mandates, carbon pricing, renewable portfolio standards.
Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 — the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR) — requires asset managers, insurers, and pension providers operating in the EU to disclose how they integrate sustainability risks and adverse impacts into investment decisions and to label financial products by sustainability features (Article 8 light-green and Article 9 dark-green funds). Detailed disclosure technical standards (RTS) developed with the ESAs apply from 2023.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.