Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Size of cash and near-cash transfer programmes (unemployment benefits, means-tested assistance, universal child benefits). Architecturally distinct from forced-saving schemes — see condition welfare_architecture.
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Enacted under President Ahmadinejad in December 2010, the Targeted Subsidies Reform Law sharply raised administered prices for petrol, diesel, natural gas, electricity and bread toward import parity, and redistributed roughly half of the savings as monthly cash transfers to nearly the entire population through bank deposits. The reform initially cut energy intensity but cash-transfer real value was rapidly eroded by sanctions-driven inflation, and successor administrations reinstated partial price controls and dual-rate FX subsidies.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.