Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
De jure and de facto independence of the central bank from fiscal authority. Per D.1.5 scope, one of the framework's defensible monetary positions.
Japan joined the OECD in April 1964, accepting the Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements and the Code of Liberalisation of Current Invisible Operations on a phased basis. Membership obliged Japan to dismantle parts of the 1949 Foreign Exchange Control Law's restrictions on capital inflows, FDI and invisibles, although MITI/MOF retained extensive screening tools well into the 1970s. Accession is treated historically as the formal endpoint of Japan's reconstruction-era controlled-economy posture.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.