Trade policy openness — tariffs, non-tariff barriers, FTAs, industrial protection.
Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
General government spending as share of GDP, excluding transfers already captured under fiscal.transfer_expansion to avoid double-counting.
Five underground nuclear detonations at Ras Koh Hills, Chagai district, Balochistan on 28 May 1998 (Chagai-I) followed by a sixth at nearby Kharan on 30 May 1998 (Chagai-II). Response to India's Pokhran-II tests 11-13 May. Declared Pakistan a nuclear- weapon state. Triggered US Pressler Amendment and Glenn Amendment sanctions; Japan, EU suspensions; suspended IMF support. Foreign-currency accounts frozen 28 May 1998 to stem capital flight (~$11bn in affected accounts). Sanctions partially lifted 1998-2000, fully lifted after 9/11 pivot in 2001. Established Pakistan-India nuclear dyad and South Asian strategic-stability frame.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.