Security of private property rights — formal recognition, expropriation risk, titling systems.
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Sector-specific licensing regimes, concentration / quota allocation, state-controlled entry (energy, telecoms, healthcare, banking).
The Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting the Private Economy was adopted by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on 30 April 2025 and took effect on 20 May 2025. It codifies equal legal status for private economic organizations, fair participation in market competition, use of the national market-access negative list, support for investment and financing, protection against unlawful fees, fines, and property apportionment, and regular government reporting on private-economy promotion. The law sits inside Xi-era party leadership of the economy, so it strengthens formal guarantees for private firms without reversing broader party-state supervision.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.