Policy posture toward energy supply security — domestic production capacity, import diversification, strategic reserves, nuclear stance, fossil-fuel mix discipline.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
Environmental regulation stringency — emissions caps, standards, phase-out mandates, carbon pricing, renewable portfolio standards.
Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Regulation (EU) 2024/1747 and the companion Directive (EU) 2024/1711 amended the EU electricity-market framework after the 2021-2022 energy-price shock. The reform promotes longer-term contracts such as power purchase agreements, requires two-way contracts for difference or equivalent instruments for many new direct price-support schemes, strengthens consumer protection and crisis tools, and links market design to grid, flexibility, and renewable-integration objectives.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.