Product-market regulation, entry barriers, licensing burdens, network-industry regulation, price controls.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
e-Japan Strategy adopted 22 January 2001 setting a five-year goal to make Japan the world's most advanced IT nation by 2005. Key targets: 30 million households with high-speed internet access and 10 million with ultra-high-speed fibre access by 2005; mandatory cost-based unbundling of NTT's local loop; promotion of e-government. Triggered Japan's broadband boom — ADSL subscriptions rose from ~10k (2000) to ~13m (2005); fibre rollout preceded global peers. Cost-based LLU pricing struck down NTT dominance in consumer broadband despite retained market power at fixed-line level.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.