Environmental regulation stringency — emissions caps, standards, phase-out mandates, carbon pricing, renewable portfolio standards.
Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
Policy posture toward energy supply security — domestic production capacity, import diversification, strategic reserves, nuclear stance, fossil-fuel mix discipline.
Kohleverstromungsbeendigungsgesetz (KVBG) scheduling the phase-out of coal-fired electricity generation by 2038 (with option to bring forward to 2035), adopted alongside the Strukturstärkungsgesetz providing €40bn in structural-adjustment aid to lignite regions (Lausitz, Rheinisches Revier, Mitteldeutschland). Compensation payments to operators up to €4.35bn negotiated. Target subsequently reaffirmed / accelerated to 'ideally 2030' in 2021 coalition agreement.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.