Targeted industrial and sectoral subsidies (renewable energy, chip manufacturing, agriculture, green hydrogen, etc).
Environmental regulation stringency — emissions caps, standards, phase-out mandates, carbon pricing, renewable portfolio standards.
Low-Emissions Technology Statement and Technology Investment Roadmap released September 2020 by Energy Minister Angus Taylor. Set stretch cost targets for clean hydrogen (<A$2/kg), energy storage, low-emissions steel and aluminium, CCS, and soil carbon; A$20bn of Commonwealth investment via ARENA, CEFC and the Clean Energy Regulator over the decade to 2030, aimed at leveraging A$80bn in private co-investment. Substituted technology co-funding for an economy-wide carbon price. Net-zero-by-2050 commitment formalised October 2021 ahead of COP26, without an updated 2030 target or price instrument.
Per invariant 3, reforms are scored by what they did on each channel-separated axis, not by the party that enacted them. This fingerprint is how the policy-match engine finds historical analogues.
Explicit links are curated by the author. Inferred links are hypotheses in the library that test the same axes this policy moved — the framework's answer to "what does the data say about a policy like this?".
Ranked by axis-fingerprint overlap with this policy. Direction match bolded — those are the closest historical analogues. Shape of the match is what drives policy-outcome comparison, not the country or party label.